Introduction
The objective of the project,
financed by European Commission and
co-financed by the DME, the Dutch
Government and TSI, was to develop and package
information on energy efficiency in South Africa
using three case studies in different industries.
SAPPI, the largest pulp and paper manufac-
turer in South Africa,South African Breweries (SAB),
the largest beer brewer in Africa and AngloGold,the largest gold mining
company in Africa,
agreed to participate in
the project and generously provided relevant
information and access to their different premices.
An energy audit, and its recommendations,
form a vital part of a bussiness '3E1 (Energy
Efficiency Earnings) Strategy.
The energy audit at SAPPI, SAB and AngloGold was a collaborative
effort involving NOVEM (Representing the
European Union), the Energy Research
Institute (ERI) at the University of CapeTown
and Energy Consulting Services (ECS), a
division of Technology Services International
(TSI). Prior to execution of this energy audit,
SAPPI Kraft had embarked on an energy
savings drive to reduce consumptions and
improve its environmental performance.
Current ongoing programmes include large
scale steam consumption studies and general
efficiency practice in 'operation clinker'.
The energy audit at these three companies was conducted as
follows:-
- A typical one day 'walk through'
to survey the plant, gather informa-
tion and identify areas for further
analysis.
- A comprehensive review of energy
consumption and production records
over a twelve month period to
determine total energy costs, overall
consumption of various fuels, energy
intensities and seasonal variations.
Most of the historic energy data
surveyed came from the client.
- Monitoring current key energy
flows directly from the plant,
including electrical energy audits
and boiler efficiency tests where applicable.
Throughout the project the prime concern was
to improve energy performance without
compromising the operation. Care was taken to
make sure this exercise was supplementary to
companies efforts, and therefore much infor-
mation relating to cost savings was extracted
from the companies data. Following these
initial investigations, which included approxi-
mately a month of electrical monitoring and a
week of boiler testing, the team proceeded to a
process of detailed monitoring during which
several key areas came under the spotlight.
The detailed investigation included the
analysis of several key areas outlined below.
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